Breast cancer is one of the diseases that most significantly affect women’s health. Although not all cases can be prevented, certain actions can help reduce some risk factors. More importantly, screening tests can help detect cancer at an early stage, when more treatment options are available and the chances of survival are higher.
An Important Reality in Puerto Rico
In Puerto Rico, breast cancer is one of the diseases that most significantly affect women’s health. According to the Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry, breast cancer for approximately 31 out of every 100 cancer diagnoses among women between 2018 and 2022.
During that period, an average of 2,410 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed among women each year. These figures highlight the importance of prevention, screening, and early detection as essential components of healthcare.
Early Detection Makes a Big Difference
One of the most important reasons to undergo recommended screening tests is that breast cancer can be present before symptoms appear.
When breast cancer is detected at a localized stage, meaning before it has spread beyond the breast, the five-year relative survival rate exceeds 99%, according to data from the American Cancer Society.
That’s why we shouldn’t wait until feel a lump or experience symptoms to undergo recommended screening tests.
When Should I Start Getting Mammograms?
A mammogram is a specialized X-ray of the breast and remains one of the most important tools for detecting breast cancer early.
The American College of Radiology (ACR) recommends that women at average risk begin annual screening mammograms at age 40.
Additionally, the ACR recommends that women undergo a breast cancer risk assessment starting at age 25. Some individuals are at higher risk due to family history, genetic alterations such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, prior radiation exposure to the chest, or other factors. In these cases, a doctor may recommend starting screening before age 40 or using additional imaging tests, such as breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Men Can Also Develop Breast Cancer
Although much less common, breast cancer can also occur in men. Less than 1% of breast cancer cases in the United States occur in men.
For this reason, men should not ignore changes such as a lump in the breast area, changes in the skin or nipple, discharge, or any new abnormality. These symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Know Your Breasts and Pay Attention to Changes
In addition to undergoing recommended screening tests, it’s important to know how your breasts normally look and feel.
Consult your doctor if you notice:
- A new lump in the breast or armpit
- Changes in breast size or shape
- Dimpling, redness, or other skin changes
- Changes in or retraction of the nipple
- Nipple discharge other than breast milk
- Any new change that concerns you
Most breast changes do not indicate cancer, but it’s important to have them evaluated.
Make Prevention a Priority
Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption are measures that can contribute to a healthier life and help reduce certain risk factors.
However, there’s something we must not forget feeling well does not replace screening tests.
If you’re 40 or older, talk to your doctor about your annual mammogram. If you’re under 40 but have a family history or other risk factors, ask whether you need to begin screening earlier.
Detecting breast cancer early can make a big difference. Don’t delay your preventive care. Talk to your doctor and stay up to date with your screening tests.